If you ask women in their 30s and 40s about their skin concerns, they will likely mention dark spots or skin aging. As we age, our skin naturally ages, and the once bright and clear complexion starts to look duller. Today, let's discuss how to tackle dark spots and uneven pigmentation.
Dark spots on the face, known as melasma, are caused by an accumulation of melanin pigment in the skin. Two key ingredients known for their effectiveness against melasma are hydroquinone and vitamin C.
Hydroquinone restricts the synthesis of melanin, reducing the formation of new pigmentation by up to 90%. While it cannot remove existing dark spots, it can help prevent new ones from forming. For high concentrations of hydroquinone (4% or more), it’s safer to use at night. After applying it at night, make sure to cleanse your face thoroughly in the morning and apply sunscreen.
Typically, high-concentration products are available in pharmacies as ointments. It’s advisable to use them consistently for 3 to 6 months and then take a break to allow the skin’s natural melanin cells to stabilize and recover. Apply it topically to areas with spots or melasma.
Another effective ingredient for removing dark spots is niacinamide. As a form of vitamin B3, niacinamide prevents melanin from moving to the skin surface. It works best at a concentration of 5% and can be used alongside retinoids or vitamin C products.
Using these brightening products can make your skin more sensitive, so it's important to focus on moisturizing afterward. Mixing a bit of Bepanthen ointment, a regenerating cream, with your moisturizer can help soothe and repair irritated skin.
Skin aging essentially means oxidation. Our skin ages due to oxidation from sebum secretion, waste products, and UV exposure. To combat aging, two key components are vitamin C and sunscreen. Vitamin C is most effective at concentrations between 10% and 20%, but you should start with a lower concentration. Products containing vitamin C, E, and ferulic acid are recommended.
Vitamin C is water-loving, so after cleansing, pat your skin lightly and apply the vitamin C serum. Wait for a minute for it to absorb before applying another layer to your face and neck.
Since vitamin C oxidizes quickly once exposed to air, don’t hesitate to use it generously on your face, neck, and even your hands and arms if there's any leftover. Follow this with a ceramide-cholesterol-fatty acid cream or pure hyaluronic acid for added hydration.
Recommended products with pure vitamin C (10% or higher), vitamin E, and ferulic acid.
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